Single candle
Hammer
Long lower shadow after a decline; body near the high. We require shadow ≥ 2× body before the name sticks.
Pattern Lab
Families on the syllabus
Not a signal sheet. A quiet map of the candle structures we measure in class — with the criteria that keep names honest.
Single candle
Shooting star
Long upper shadow after a rise; body near the low. Same 2× rule; session close location matters more than the wick alone.
Single candle
Doji variants
Open and close nearly equal. We sort dragonfly, gravestone, and long-legged only after measuring body-to-range.
Reversal pair
Bullish / bearish engulfing
Second body fully covers the first. Invalid without a clear prior directional swing to argue against.
Reversal pair
Harami
Small body inside the prior range. Treated as caution, not a trigger, until follow-through confirms.
Reversal pair
Piercing & dark cloud
Close must reclaim a meaningful share of the prior body — we mark 50% as a teaching line, not a superstition.
Continuation
Rising / falling three methods
Orderly counter-trend pause inside an intact trend. Messy overlap fails the checklist.
Continuation
Tasuki gap
Gap holds while a counter bar fails to close it. Tokyo-session examples dominate our case pack.
Ready to measure live charts?
Start with Single-Candle Literacy, or write us about the family you keep misreading.